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A/L Technology Stream · Sri Lanka

Engineering
Technology

Free notes, past papers, diagrams and revision guides aligned with the Sri Lanka A/L Engineering Technology syllabus — covering engineering drawing, mechanisms, electrical systems, manufacturing, measurements, standards and entrepreneurship.

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Lesson 15
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ගෘහස්ථ ජල සම්පාදනය හා කසල අපවහනය —
Water Supply & Waste Drainage

A/L Engineering Technology Lesson 15 syllabus ආවරණය කරයි — water sources, water quality, water treatment (sedimentation/filtration/chlorination), domestic plumbing systems, pipe materials, sanitary fittings, drainage systems, sewage disposal (septic tank), storm water drainage සහ solid waste management ඇතුළු ප්‍රධාන කරුණු ආදිය.

💧 Water Sources
🧪 Water Quality (WHO)
🔬 Water Treatment
🏠 Domestic Plumbing
🔧 Pipe Materials & Fittings
🚽 Sanitary Fittings
🕳️ Drainage Systems
♻️ Sewage Disposal
🌧️ Storm Water Drainage
🗑️ Solid Waste Management
🔩 Trap Types
💊 Chlorination Process
📥 Lesson 15 — Available Downloads
📄
Full Notes — Water Supply & Drainage
PDF · 6.8 MB · 92 pages
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📄
Short Notes — Water Supply
PDF · 2.3 MB · 22 pages
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Unit 1 — හැඳින්වීම හා සැලසුම් චිත්‍ر
01
හැඳින්වීම
Introduction
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02
සැලසුම් චිත්‍ р ඇදීම
Engineering Drawing
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03
සෞඛ්‍ය හා ආරක්ෂාව
Health & Safety
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Unit 2 — තාක්ෂණවේදය
04
ගොඩනැගිලි තාක්ෂණවේදය
Building Technology
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05
චලිතය ජව සම්ප්‍රේෂණ
Motion & Power
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06
ස්වංචල තාක්ෂණවේදය
Automation Technology
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07
මූලික විදුලි තාක්ෂණවේදය
Basic Electrical Tech
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Unit 3 — නිෂ්පාදන හා ප්‍රමිති
08
නිෂ්පාදන තාක්ෂණවේදය
Production Technology
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09
සම්මත මිණුම් හා උපකරණ
Measurements
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10
ප්‍රමිති හා පිරිවිතර
Standards & Specs
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11
විදුලි යන්ත්‍р හා බල
Electrical Machines
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12
ඉලෙක්ට්‍රොනික තාක්ෂණ
Electronics Technology
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Unit 4 — යාන්ත්‍රික හා ජල ඉංජිනේරු
13
තරල යන්ත්‍ر
Fluid Mechanics
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14
බිම් මැනුම
Land Surveying
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15
⭐ ජල සම්පාදනය හා කසල
Water Supply & Drainage
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Unit 5 — ඇස්තමේන්තු හා ව්‍යවසාය
16
ඇස්තමේන්තු කරණය
Estimating
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17
ව්‍යවසායකත්වය
Entrepreneurship
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❓ නිතර අසන ප්‍රශ්න — FAQ
A/L Engineering Technology Lesson 15 — ගෘහස්ථ ජල සම්පාදනය හා කසල අපවහනය හි ප්‍රධාන මාතෘකා?＋

Lesson 15 'ගෘහස්ථ ජල සම්පාදනය හා කසල අපවහනය' (Water Supply & Waste Drainage) හි ප්‍රධාන මාතෘකා:

  • 💧 Water Sources — Surface water, Ground water, Rainwater harvesting
  • 🧪 Water Quality — Physical, Chemical, Biological; WHO standards
  • 🔬 Water Treatment — Screening → Sedimentation → Coagulation → Filtration → Chlorination
  • 🏠 Domestic Plumbing — Direct & Indirect supply systems; storage tanks
  • 🔧 Pipe Materials — PVC, uPVC, GI, Copper; joints, fittings, valves
  • 🚽 Sanitary Fittings — WC, wash basin, bath; P-trap, S-trap, bottle trap
  • 🕳️ Drainage — Soil pipes, waste pipes, vent pipes (two-pipe/one-pipe system)
  • ♻️ Sewage Disposal — Septic tank + soak pit; oxidation ponds; STP
  • 🌧️ Storm Water Drainage & 🗑️ Solid Waste Management
Water Treatment (ජල සැකසීම) ක්‍රම — Sedimentation, Filtration, Chlorination කෙසේද?＋

Water Treatment Stages:

  • 1. Screening — large debris remove
  • 2. Sedimentation — gravity settling of suspended particles
  • 3. Coagulation & Flocculation — Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃) add → fine particles clump → floc
  • 4. Secondary Sedimentation — floc settle out
  • 5. Filtration — sand & gravel filter → remaining particles remove
  • 6. Chlorination — Cl₂ or NaOCl → disinfection, kill bacteria

WHO potable water: Turbidity <1 NTU · pH 6.5–8.5 · E.coli = 0/100ml

Lesson 15 Water Supply & Drainage notes PDF නොමිලේ download කරන්නේ කොහෙන්ද?＋

AL Tech Hub (altechhub.lk) හි Lesson 15 Downloads කොටසෙන් නොමිලේ:

  • 📄 Full Notes PDF — 6.8 MB, 92 pages
  • 📄 Water Sources & Quality Guide — 2.3 MB, 22 pages
  • 📄 Water Treatment Process — 2.6 MB, 26 pages
  • 📄 Plumbing Systems Notes — 2.4 MB, 24 pages
  • 📄 Drainage & Sewage Guide — 2.8 MB, 28 pages
  • 📄 Solid Waste Management — 1.8 MB, 18 pages
  • 📊 Slide Deck (PPTX) — 9.2 MB, 58 slides
  • 📝 Practice Q&A (DOCX), Past Papers, 🗜️ Complete Bundle (ZIP 30 MB)
Septic Tank ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය කෙසේද? Sewage Disposal methods මොනවාද?＋

Septic Tank — on-site sewage treatment:

  • Sewage enter → solids settle (sludge) + oils float (scum)
  • Liquid (effluent) → soak pit / drain field
  • Anaerobic bacteria → solids breakdown; pump every 2–5 years

Sewage Disposal Methods:

  • Septic Tank + Soak Pit — rural, individual buildings
  • Oxidation Ponds — aerobic/anaerobic biological treatment
  • Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) — municipal; primary/secondary/tertiary

⚠️ Storm drainage always kept separate from sewage (separate system)

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